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Rabu, 10 November 2010
Jumat, 29 Oktober 2010
BOROBUDUR
Borobudur, or Barabudur, is a 9th-century Mahayana Buddhist monument near Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. The monument comprises six square platforms topped by three circular platforms, and is decorated with 2,672 relief panels and 504 Buddha statues. A main dome, located at the center of the top platform, is surrounded by 72 Buddha statues seated inside perforated stupa.
The monument is both a shrine to the Lord Buddha and a place for Buddhist pilgrimage. The journey for pilgrims begins at the base of the monument and follows a path circumambulating the monument while ascending to the top through the three levels of Buddhist cosmology, namely Kāmadhātu (the world of desire), Rupadhatu (the world of forms) and Arupadhatu (the world of formlessness). During the journey the monument guides the pilgrims through a system of stairways and corridors with 1,460 narrative relief panels on the wall and the balustrades.
Evidence suggests Borobudur was abandoned following the 14th-century decline of Buddhist and Hindu kingdoms in Java, and the Javanese conversion to Islam. Worldwide knowledge of its existence was sparked in 1814 by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, then the British ruler of Java, who was advised of its location by native Indonesians. Borobudur has since been preserved through several restorations. The largest restoration project was undertaken between 1975 and 1982 by the Indonesian government and UNESCO, following which the monument was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Borobudur is still used for pilgrimage; once a year Buddhists in Indonesia celebrate Vesak at the monument, and Borobudur is Indonesia's single most visited tourist attraction.
In Indonesian, ancient temples are known as candi; thus "Borobudur Temple" is locally known as Candi Borobudur. The term candi is also used more loosely to describe any ancient structure, for example gates and bathing structures. The origins of the name Borobudur however are unclear, although the original names of most ancient Indonesian temples are no longer known. The name Borobudur was first written in Sir Thomas Raffles' book on Javan history. Raffles wrote about a monument called borobudur, but there are no older documents suggesting the same name. The only old Javanese manuscript that hints at the monument as a holy Buddhist sanctuary is Nagarakretagama, written by Mpu Prapanca in 1365.
The name Bore-Budur, and thus BoroBudur, is thought to have been written by Raffles in English grammar to mean the nearby village of Bore; most candi are named after a nearby village. If it followed Javanese language, the monument should have been named 'BudurBoro'. Raffles also suggested that 'Budur' might correspond to the modern Javanese word Buda ("ancient") – i.e., "ancient Boro". However, another archaeologist suggests the second component of the name (Budur) comes from Javanese term bhudhara (mountain).
Karangtengah inscription dated 824 mentioned about the sima (tax-free) lands awarded by Çrī Kahulunan (Pramodhawardhani) to ensure the funding and maintenance of a Kamūlān called Bhūmisambhāra. Kamūlān itself from the word mula which means 'the place of origin', a sacred building to honor the ancestors, probably the ancestors of the Sailendras. Casparis suggested that Bhūmi Sambhāra Bhudhāra which in Sanskrit means "The mountain of combined virtues of the ten stages of Boddhisattvahood", was the original name of Borobudur.
CACTUS
Cactus plant is a favorite for busy people. How could I not? Cactus do not need to be watered frequently, do not plant it bother, and very easy to grow even during a very dry dry though. Cactus is seen as an ornamental plant because there are variations of this plant is quite a lot loh! Starting from the variety of shapes, colors, flowers, even prickly also have its own aesthetic values.
Cactus is a native American plant. Cactus that there are manifold. There are shaped like small stones that size is not more than 5 cm, for example Lithop, Titanopsis, Lapidaria, Penestraria, and Gibbaeum. There is also a giant cactus cactus-we often see in cowboy movies, such as cereus peruvianus.
Succulent plants include cactus is the plant group that contains a lot of water on his body, like aloe vera and cocor duck. During the rainy season, will swell because of cactus stems filled with water, while during the dry stalks slowly shrinking. Cactus flowers are very striking and quite different than flowers of other plants.
Stud cactus flower you can see in Epiphyllum or also known as orchid cactus. Epiphyllum flowers are very fragrant and can reach 20 cm in diameter. The structure is typical of prickly cactus. Cactus spines can be very short and small as to be difficult is observed as in Schlumbergera, or very large and sharp as in Echinocactus. Lymph nodes and watery cactus.
People very often make use of ancient Indian cactus juice as a traditional medicine. Cactus planting as an ornamental plant started by the Aztecs hundreds of years ago. Lama is also yes. In Indonesia, even cactus not lose competitiveness with other flowering plants and has had a loyal fan.
Kumala Island Recreation Park
Kumala Island area is located in the middle of the Mahakam River Delta is an area that extends west Tenggarong City, Regency area of 76 ha blend of modern technology and traditional culture. In the design of the Recreation Park and laid out neatly with a blend of modern technology architecture and traditional culture.
Since 2000 in the wake becomes Kumala Island Area Tourism. Kumala Island Park Development be gradual and growing. And Teru and again, the addition of recreational facilities that will be able to continue to attract visitors, especially for visitors who bring their families for a weekend and enjoy all the facilities on the island of Eksotis.Di Kumala this island there are also DJs Kumala Island Resort, complete with swimming pool, restaurant, Cottages and Facilities For those who want a break.
The island was built to resemble the Taman Mini Indonesia Indah in Jakarta, and built to display the culture of Borneo with a blend of Interest Kutai, Dayak and Javanese. It can be seen in the presence of Lamin, as well as building temples called Pura pegs Island as one of the Hindu places of worship in the Regency, as well as a large statue Swana ox located at the tip of the island overlooking the majestic Bridge of aquatic mammal.
To meyeberangi Kumala Island to use the Air Transport Anggunakan of Longboat or traditional boat (motorized / CES), the fees charged to cross with CES is Rp. 2500 .- / person, and long crossings about 10 minutes, but if visitors are interested, can also use Train Hanging located in Tenggarong Seberang to cross to cross to the island of Kumala. In this island to enjoy a place of recreation and playground for families and children.
Kumala Island Park is about 27 km from Samarinda that can be achieved through an aquatic mammal Bridge in less than 30 minutes. While the city of Balikpapan, which has facilities Sepinggan Airport and Seaport Semayang which is the access of air and sea transport in East Kalimantan, Located about 130 km that can be reached Less Over 3 hours by land. Also Kumala Island Park can also be reached by water transport through the Mahakam River.
DERAWAN ISLAND
This post I will tell you about a tourist attraction in one district of Berau in East Kalimantan.
Although only a small town, Berau store various beautiful tourist potential, ranging marine tourism, nature, history, culinary, arts and culture. Berau Regency Center in Cape Redeb District, which was situated between two river that divides the city of Cape Redeb, namely rivers and kelay satiated.
If travel to Berau, it seems unfortunately that is not taking the time to visit various tourist objects. In Cape Redeb not difficult to find a place to stay. The city also has many lodging options, ranging from star class hotels, jasmine to the cheap backpacker class.
To reach Cape Redeb not too difficult. Moreover, the currently available wide-bodied aircraft types boieng 737-200. The plane was ready to serve the transportation of tourists who wish to visit the Berau, either directly from Aberdeen or via Tarakan. Want to try by land along the road axis Balikpapan-Tanjung Redeb can also be an exciting adventure.
Maritime Tourism Object in Berau are numerous, including Derawan Island, Island Charitable, Maratua Island and the famous Kakaban has natural beauty under the sea.
Yesterday I only had time to stop at the island Derawan course, on the island of course I was fascinated Derawan. Coast beauty Derawan very good, compared with Beach in Bali, beach Derawan much cleaner and very beautiful underwater scene, I saw myself when snorkling, fish hiasnya very wide range, I also encounter sea turtles. Derawan clean white sand beach, the water is too clear. A friend who had to Bunaken Manado also said that beauty is still above Derawan Beach Bunaken in Manado.
Sunset and Sunrise atmosphere was really beautiful, I do not miss these two moments, in the afternoon snorkeling and swimming after I've been waiting for the moment the sun sets and the early morning around 6 o'clock I had the beach to await the sunrise from his horizon.
Although only a small town, Berau store various beautiful tourist potential, ranging marine tourism, nature, history, culinary, arts and culture. Berau Regency Center in Cape Redeb District, which was situated between two river that divides the city of Cape Redeb, namely rivers and kelay satiated.
If travel to Berau, it seems unfortunately that is not taking the time to visit various tourist objects. In Cape Redeb not difficult to find a place to stay. The city also has many lodging options, ranging from star class hotels, jasmine to the cheap backpacker class.
To reach Cape Redeb not too difficult. Moreover, the currently available wide-bodied aircraft types boieng 737-200. The plane was ready to serve the transportation of tourists who wish to visit the Berau, either directly from Aberdeen or via Tarakan. Want to try by land along the road axis Balikpapan-Tanjung Redeb can also be an exciting adventure.
Maritime Tourism Object in Berau are numerous, including Derawan Island, Island Charitable, Maratua Island and the famous Kakaban has natural beauty under the sea.
Yesterday I only had time to stop at the island Derawan course, on the island of course I was fascinated Derawan. Coast beauty Derawan very good, compared with Beach in Bali, beach Derawan much cleaner and very beautiful underwater scene, I saw myself when snorkling, fish hiasnya very wide range, I also encounter sea turtles. Derawan clean white sand beach, the water is too clear. A friend who had to Bunaken Manado also said that beauty is still above Derawan Beach Bunaken in Manado.
Sunset and Sunrise atmosphere was really beautiful, I do not miss these two moments, in the afternoon snorkeling and swimming after I've been waiting for the moment the sun sets and the early morning around 6 o'clock I had the beach to await the sunrise from his horizon.
Selasa, 26 Oktober 2010
Masjid Kubah Emas - A Symbol of the Beauty and Glory of Islam
Born from the dream of a great desire to provide a beautiful, elegant house of worship as a symbol of the glory of Islam, to guide the emotions, motivate the spirit, and firm the resolve to strengthen faith and devotion. God willing, this beauty will remind worshippers of the Creator's greatness.
This mosque is a phenomenon in itself: Masjid Dian Al Mahri, commonly known as Masjid Kubah Emas, the Mosque with the Golden Domes. It was built from a strong desire to remind Muslims to constantly praise and repeat His name, in this noble and luxurious setting.
The beauty and majesty of Masjid Kubah Emas was realized by its founder, Hajjah Dian Juriah Al Rasyid, through Indonesian architect Uke G. Setiawan. Construction began in 1999, and the building was inaugurated with the Idul Adha 1427 H prayers on 31 December 2006.
As one enters the mosque area through a charming garden surrounded by bonsai plants, the glitter from the domes and minarets starts to catch one's eye. This is what sets this mosque apart from so many others in Indonesia and has earned it the name Masjid Kubah Emas.
Its five domes are covered in mosaics with a layer of 24-karat gold. The materials were imported from Italy and installed by expert artisans from the same country. The five domes, symbolizing the five pillars of Islam, remind one of similar domes in many mosques in Persia and India.
Circling the domes are six minarets rising 40 meters into the sky, enhancing the beauty of the domes. Each of the six hexagonal minarets, which symbolize the six principles of faith, is covered in grey granite, also from Italy. At the top is another dome, also covered in 24-karat gold. From the minarets, the call to prayer and other Islamic invocations can be heard for quite a distance.
The mosque's architecture is essentially based on Middle Eastern elements, giving it a strongly Islamic flavor. It comprises six main sections: the main hall, the mezzanine, the inner courtyard, the upper veranda, the lower veranda, and other functional rooms.
Born from the dream of a great desire to provide a beautiful, elegant house of worship as a symbol of the glory of Islam, to guide the emotions, motivate the spirit, and firm the resolve to strengthen faith and devotion. God willing, this beauty will remind worshippers of the Creator's greatness.
The main entry door—divided into two parts, one for men and one for women—is portal-shaped, with geometrical decorations and an ornamental obelisk.
One side of the 45 x 57 meter inner courtyard connects to the prayer hall, while the other three sides are bounded by verandas with rows of pillars covered in Brazilian granite. These pillars form an arcade that serves as the border of the courtyard, which can hold up to 8000 worshippers.
The mosque's interior reflects calm and majesty through the ceiling in the center, right below the main golden dome. On the ceiling is a painting of the sky whose colors change, in line with the color of the sky at the different prayer times, through computer-programmed lighting technology. At the base of the dome is a ring with golden accents that seems to be the boundary of the firmament. Above this are 33 windows, each containing carved calligraphy of three of the names of Allah SWT in calligraphy, 99 in all. At the top of the dome's ceiling is more calligraphy, shalawat or prayers to honor the Prophet Muhammad SAW, made of gold-coated brass plates. Hanging in the middle of the dome is a crystal lamp identical to the one in the Mosque of the Sultan of Oman. The framework of this crystal chandelier, weighing 2.7 tons, is made of bronze plated with 24-karat gold.
The sturdy pillars rising high to adorn this inner space create a majestic scale. People within this space feel very small; this increases their humility in the presence of Allah. The ends of the pillars are decorated with gold leaf, adding brightness.
The mosque's interior is predominantly cream-colored, providing both calm and warmth, and is full of Italian and Turkish marble. Black ornaments add a sacred element, along with the gold for beauty and strength.
The mihrab – a projection in the front wall that indicates the kiblat, or direction of prayer, and serves as the pulpit for the imam who leads the prayers – is made of four pillars of porto rose granite from South Africa. These support the portal that crowns the mihrab, decorated with calligraphy of the Qur'anic text, surat Thaahaa ayat 14 and an obelisk made of gold-plated brass. The mihrab's ceiling is a half-dome symbolizing the universe in which all His creatures exist.
Other calligraphy is on display throughout the prayer hall, written in black marble embedded in white marble using a water jet technique. The calligraphy was done by the same Indonesian calligrapher who did the "Mushab Istiqlal" in 1994. The text employed for the front wall of the prayer hall is surat Al Mu'minuun, ayat 1-11. Along the north and south walls, the Syahadat, or confession of faith, is repeated on each segment of the façade. On the portals above the north and south entrances is the I'tikaf prayer, and above the main entrance is the prayer for entering a mosque.
Masjid Kubah Emas, covering an area of 8,000 square meters and on a 70- hectare plot of land, can accommodate 15,000 worshippers for prayers and up to 20,000 for majlis taklim study sessions. May this splendid building be constantly filled with believers in such numbers, with the goal of further propagating the noble teachings of Islam.
This mosque is a phenomenon in itself: Masjid Dian Al Mahri, commonly known as Masjid Kubah Emas, the Mosque with the Golden Domes. It was built from a strong desire to remind Muslims to constantly praise and repeat His name, in this noble and luxurious setting.
The beauty and majesty of Masjid Kubah Emas was realized by its founder, Hajjah Dian Juriah Al Rasyid, through Indonesian architect Uke G. Setiawan. Construction began in 1999, and the building was inaugurated with the Idul Adha 1427 H prayers on 31 December 2006.
As one enters the mosque area through a charming garden surrounded by bonsai plants, the glitter from the domes and minarets starts to catch one's eye. This is what sets this mosque apart from so many others in Indonesia and has earned it the name Masjid Kubah Emas.
Its five domes are covered in mosaics with a layer of 24-karat gold. The materials were imported from Italy and installed by expert artisans from the same country. The five domes, symbolizing the five pillars of Islam, remind one of similar domes in many mosques in Persia and India.
Circling the domes are six minarets rising 40 meters into the sky, enhancing the beauty of the domes. Each of the six hexagonal minarets, which symbolize the six principles of faith, is covered in grey granite, also from Italy. At the top is another dome, also covered in 24-karat gold. From the minarets, the call to prayer and other Islamic invocations can be heard for quite a distance.
The mosque's architecture is essentially based on Middle Eastern elements, giving it a strongly Islamic flavor. It comprises six main sections: the main hall, the mezzanine, the inner courtyard, the upper veranda, the lower veranda, and other functional rooms.
Born from the dream of a great desire to provide a beautiful, elegant house of worship as a symbol of the glory of Islam, to guide the emotions, motivate the spirit, and firm the resolve to strengthen faith and devotion. God willing, this beauty will remind worshippers of the Creator's greatness.
The main entry door—divided into two parts, one for men and one for women—is portal-shaped, with geometrical decorations and an ornamental obelisk.
One side of the 45 x 57 meter inner courtyard connects to the prayer hall, while the other three sides are bounded by verandas with rows of pillars covered in Brazilian granite. These pillars form an arcade that serves as the border of the courtyard, which can hold up to 8000 worshippers.
The mosque's interior reflects calm and majesty through the ceiling in the center, right below the main golden dome. On the ceiling is a painting of the sky whose colors change, in line with the color of the sky at the different prayer times, through computer-programmed lighting technology. At the base of the dome is a ring with golden accents that seems to be the boundary of the firmament. Above this are 33 windows, each containing carved calligraphy of three of the names of Allah SWT in calligraphy, 99 in all. At the top of the dome's ceiling is more calligraphy, shalawat or prayers to honor the Prophet Muhammad SAW, made of gold-coated brass plates. Hanging in the middle of the dome is a crystal lamp identical to the one in the Mosque of the Sultan of Oman. The framework of this crystal chandelier, weighing 2.7 tons, is made of bronze plated with 24-karat gold.
The sturdy pillars rising high to adorn this inner space create a majestic scale. People within this space feel very small; this increases their humility in the presence of Allah. The ends of the pillars are decorated with gold leaf, adding brightness.
The mosque's interior is predominantly cream-colored, providing both calm and warmth, and is full of Italian and Turkish marble. Black ornaments add a sacred element, along with the gold for beauty and strength.
The mihrab – a projection in the front wall that indicates the kiblat, or direction of prayer, and serves as the pulpit for the imam who leads the prayers – is made of four pillars of porto rose granite from South Africa. These support the portal that crowns the mihrab, decorated with calligraphy of the Qur'anic text, surat Thaahaa ayat 14 and an obelisk made of gold-plated brass. The mihrab's ceiling is a half-dome symbolizing the universe in which all His creatures exist.
Other calligraphy is on display throughout the prayer hall, written in black marble embedded in white marble using a water jet technique. The calligraphy was done by the same Indonesian calligrapher who did the "Mushab Istiqlal" in 1994. The text employed for the front wall of the prayer hall is surat Al Mu'minuun, ayat 1-11. Along the north and south walls, the Syahadat, or confession of faith, is repeated on each segment of the façade. On the portals above the north and south entrances is the I'tikaf prayer, and above the main entrance is the prayer for entering a mosque.
Masjid Kubah Emas, covering an area of 8,000 square meters and on a 70- hectare plot of land, can accommodate 15,000 worshippers for prayers and up to 20,000 for majlis taklim study sessions. May this splendid building be constantly filled with believers in such numbers, with the goal of further propagating the noble teachings of Islam.
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